Top Laravel Questions and Answers for Interviews

Top Laravel Questions and Answers for Interviews & Learners

Here is a complete list of frequently asked Laravel questions along with detailed answers, ideal for interviews or self-study.

1. What is Laravel?

Laravel is an open-source PHP web application framework following the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern. It offers elegant syntax, built-in tools for routing, authentication, ORM, and more, helping developers build scalable web apps easily.

2. What are the main features of Laravel?

Key features include:

• Blade templating engine
• Eloquent ORM
• Artisan command-line tool
• Routing & Middleware
• Authentication & Authorization
• Task Scheduling & Queues
• Laravel Mix & Asset Management
• Testing support
• Laravel Sanctum/Passport for API authentication

3. What is Middleware in Laravel?

Middleware acts as a filter between the request and response. It can be used for authentication, logging, CORS, and more. Example: `auth` middleware checks if a user is authenticated before accessing a route.

4. What is Eloquent ORM?

Eloquent is Laravel's built-in ORM that provides a beautiful and simple ActiveRecord implementation for working with databases. It allows interaction with database tables using models.

5. What are Service Providers in Laravel?

Service providers are the central place for configuring and bootstrapping components in Laravel. They register bindings and services to the Laravel service container. The `AppServiceProvider` is one of the default service providers.

6. Explain Laravel routing.

Laravel routes are defined in `routes/web.php` for web and `routes/api.php` for APIs. You can define routes using `Route::get()`, `Route::post()`, `Route::middleware()` etc. It supports route groups, naming, prefixing, and resourceful routing.

7. What is CSRF protection?

Laravel includes CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) protection automatically for POST, PUT, PATCH, and DELETE requests. A hidden CSRF token is added to each form using `@csrf` Blade directive.

8. What are Laravel Queues?

Queues allow you to defer time-consuming tasks (like email sending, processing jobs) to improve app performance. Laravel supports various queue drivers like Redis, database, SQS, etc.

9. What is Laravel's Blade template engine?

Blade is Laravel's templating engine that allows you to write HTML and PHP logic in `.blade.php` files. It supports template inheritance, control structures like `@if`, `@foreach`, and reusable components.

10. How does Laravel handle authentication?

Laravel provides built-in authentication scaffolding using Laravel UI, Breeze, Jetstream, or Fortify. It includes features like login, registration, password reset, and email verification.

11. What is Laravel Sanctum?

Sanctum provides a simple API token authentication system for SPAs and mobile apps. It uses Laravel's cookie-based session authentication and issues personal access tokens.

12. What is the difference between `hasOne`, `hasMany`, `belongsTo`, and `belongsToMany`?

• hasOne: One-to-one relationship (e.g., User hasOne Profile)
• hasMany: One-to-many (e.g., Post hasMany Comments)
• belongsTo: Inverse of hasOne/hasMany
• belongsToMany: Many-to-many (e.g., User belongsToMany Roles)

13. What is the purpose of the `.env` file in Laravel?

The `.env` file is used to manage environment-specific configuration such as DB credentials, app name, debug mode, etc. Laravel uses `config()` helper to fetch those values.

14. What is the use of Laravel's `artisan` CLI?

Artisan is Laravel’s command-line tool used to perform various tasks like generating models, migrations, seeding, clearing cache, serving app, etc. Example: `php artisan make:model Post -mcr`.

15. How does Laravel support testing?

Laravel supports PHPUnit for unit and feature testing. Tests are stored in `tests/Feature` and `tests/Unit`. Laravel also provides helper methods like `actingAs()`, `assertSee()`, etc.

Want More?

Let me know in the comments if you want Part 2 with advanced Laravel topics like:

• Event and Listener system
• Laravel Livewire / Inertia.js
• Creating custom service providers
• Laravel Broadcasting
• Multi-tenancy with Laravel
• Laravel and Docker deployment